The female influence in politics of Latin America

trance studying Latin American region I was questioned why this region has more numbers of fe male person chairwomans. Therefore, in this essay, I did some small analyze with a angle of dip of female representatives as a base on balls of some(prenominal)izes. I think the routine of women is everywhere essential and can include significant influence as in social life so in politicianitics. Some multitude argue that womens presence in agent is a unanalyzable question of fairness. Fairness that demands women to get their proper share of power careless(predicate) of whether they us this power to promote womens interests.An some other reason is considered to be the spread of globalization. This phenomenon has given the impulse for raise of feminism in Latin American region. Therefore, the greater presence of women in home(a) legislatures coincided with unprecedented management to womens rights issues like domestic violence, reproduction and family law. Women from different po litical parties were forming alliances to amaze womens issues on the policy agenda and then to pressure their male colleagues to support changes in law. One dramatic example of the potential changes women leaders makes comes from Mexico.In 2000, Rosario Robles, then mayor of Mexico City, broke the Latin American miscarriage stalemate by introducing legislation to modify the citys wrong code on abortion matters. The proposal, approved through support by the PRD (Partido de la Revolucion Democratica) and PRI (Partido Revolucionario Institucional) parties, legalized abortions performed if the mothers health ( non just her life) is at gamble and if the fetus has birth defects. Robles accepted the long-standing feminist argument that abortion is a public health problem, since resorting to clandestine abortions poses grave risks for womens lives and health.No other Latin American country has liberalized its abortion laws since the 1940s. The 1990s we saw immobile growth in womens pa rticipation in political power in Latin America. The result can be womens authority in the lower houses of congress increased from an average of 9 % in 1990 to 15 % in 2002 in the Senate, from 5 % to 12 % in 2002 and among ministers, from 9 % to13 % in 2000. These numbers put Latin America behind Europe, on par with Asia, and ahead of Africa, the Pacific and the Middle East. Its evident that Latin American region has more cases of female death chairs at the head of the state rather in other countries.In genus Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Peru and Venezuela, women have run for chairman with a realistic chance of winning, and even did win. Dilma Rouseff of Brazil, Cristina Kirchner in Argentina, Michelle Bachelett of Chile, Laura chinchilla in Costa Rica, Isabel Peron as a startle female president of the region. In more countries, women have served as vice presidents, and women have g overned the regions (and worlds) devil largest cities, Sao Paulo and Mexico City. Herein I prese nt summarized information most female headquarters in LA Dilma Rousseff, Brazil 2010.Dilma Rousseff of the ruling Workers companionship has just been elected president of Brazil a nation of approximately 200 million people, and a rising global power. She is a life story diplomat, and was until running for the presidency chief of staff to President Luiz Inacio Lula da sylva before that she was energy minister. Lula gave her his full backing during the campaign and she has promised to continue his policies. Those who crawl in Rousseff describe her as a tough cookie, and as a determined, pragmatic woman who likes to get things done. One of her nick-names is the iron lady.She is said to be astute, with a strategic, logical mind. Her father was an immigrant from Bulgaria, and her mother a school teacher. While a student in the 1960s, she joined the left-wing armed guard against the military dictatorship. Although she says she was never involved in violence herself, she was seen as a key figure within the movement. She was start outed and held for three years, during which time she was tortured. Ms Rousseff was released in 1973, resumed her studies in economics, and then joined the civil service. Laura Chinchilla, President of Costa Rica 2010.Laura Chinchilla was sworn in as president of Costa Rica in whitethorn of this year, after a conclusive victory in elections in February. She is with the centrist National Liberation Party, and was vice-president under her predecessor, Oscar Arias. Ms Chinchilla has held several governments posts and comes from a political family. She studied in Costa Rica and at Georgetown University in the US. Ms Chinchilla is regarded as a social conservative, and is opposed to gay brotherhood and abortion. She has promised to continue with the drop by the wayside-market policies of former president Arias, and to expand on Costa Ricas free trade deals.Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner, President of Argentina 2007 Cristina Fernande z de Kirchner swept to victory in the first round of Argentinas presidential election in October 2007. She took over the presidency from her conserve Nestor Kirchner. The two counterfeited closely together, and were dubbed the Clintons of the South. Mr Kirchner died of a heart blast at the age of 60 in October 2010. Christina Fernandez has a long track-record in politics dating back to the late 1980s. She has worked in the regional parliament, the national parliament, and as a senator.She studied law at university, and is known for her work campaigning on human rights and womens rights. Michelle Bachelet, President of Chile 2006-2010 Michelle Bachelet was inaugurated as president of Chile for the Socialist Party in March 2006. She had previously been Chiles defense Minister the first woman to hold that post in Latin America and also health minister. She studied military strategy and is prepare as a paediatrician and an epidemiologist. In 1970s, in the early old age of Augusto Pinochets rule, her father was held on charges of treason. Ms Bachelet and her mother were also detained and tortured, before sacking into exile.As health minister Ms Bachelet caused a stir in staunchly Catholic Chile by allowing the free distri plainlyion of the aurora after pill for victims of sexual abuse. She stepped down in March 2010 with a popularity rating of more than 80%, as the Chilean constitution does not allow a second consecutive presidential term. She is currently head of a new United Nations agency working on sexual activity issues, called UN Women. Mireya Moscoso, President of Panama 1999-2004 Mireya Moscoso won presidential elections in May 1999, and was in charge a year later on for the US handover of the Panama canal.She is the leave of three-time president Arnulfo Arias. She began her political career after her husbands death. Ms Moscoso came from a poor, agrarian background, and trained as an interior designer. She promised to work to reduce poverty in Panama. However, her presidency was dogged by allegations of corruption. Rosalia Arteaga, retardation President of Ecuador 1997 Rosalia Arteaga acted as interim president of Ecuador for just two days in February 1997, when the former leader, Abdala Bucaram, was say unfit to govern. She was vice-president before that.Ms Arteaga ran for the presidency in elections in 1998, but got only a small share of the vote. Violeta Chamorro, President of Nicaragua 1990-1997 Violetta Chamorro beat the superjacent Daniel Ortega in elections, to become president of Nicaragua in April 1990. She was the candidate for the National resistance Union a coalition of parties that ran against the Sandinistas. Her bid was backed by the US, who upraised sanctions on the country after her election. Ms Chamorro comes from a wealthy family and was improve abroad, including in the US.She entered politics after her husband Pedro Joaquin Chamorro who had been editor of an anti-government newspaper was assas sinated. She took over as editor of the paper after his murder. She is credited for helping bring stability and peace to Nicaragua. Lidia Gueiler Tejada, interim President of Bolivia, 1979-1980 Lidia Gueiler Tejada was interim president of Bolivia from 1979 to 1980. She was chosen to run the country after inconclusive elections and the ousting of the temporary president Walter Guevara.She was to lead Bolivia until fresh elections, but she herself was removed in a coup detat before they were held. She trained as an accountant, and worked as a Member of recounting and as president of the Chamber of Deputies before being interim leader. She later worked as Bolivian Ambassador to a number of countries. Isabel Peron, President of Argentina 1974-1976 Isabel Peron was the first woman president in Latin America. She took over as president of Argentina when her husband the three-time president Juan Domingo Peron died in office in 1974.Isabel Peron was his third wife, and they married se veral years after the death of the much-loved root Lady Eva Peron. Known to Argentineans as Isabelita, Ms Peron was a former nine dancer. During her presidency, there were numerous labor strikes, and hundreds of political murders. Isabel Peron was removed in a military coup in 1976, and held under house arrest for several years before moving to Spain. In 2007, Argentina issued an international arrest warrant for her, over her alleged links to a right-wing paramilitary unit group, which operated during her rule.Argentinean authorities also wanted to question her over the disappearance of two men. Spain rejected the extradition request the court there ruled that there was meager evidence against her. In these and other ways, womens political behavior may conform to the corrupt and clientelistic patterns that have long been present in Latin America. So, all together we cannot deny the females significant component in the life and history of their countries. Women, after all, are no t above politics.ReferencesMala Htun. 2001. Advancing Womens Rights in the Americas Achievements and Challenges. Working Paper. . Womens Participation in Mexican Political Life, ed. Victoria Rodrguez (Boulder, CO Westview, 1998).Htun, Mala. 2001. Womens Leadership in Latin America Trends and Challenges. Politics Matters A Dialogue of Women PoliticalMala N. Htun Mujeres y poder poltico en Latinoamrica bookAlya Babirli April, 2011A